Affordable publication for maximum impact
Published Authors
From Rules To Transformers: A Review Of Spam Detection Techniques, Research Gaps And The Promise Of Bert-ensemble Frameworks
Spam has grown from a minor nuisance into one of the most persistent threats in digital communication, yet existing detection systems continue to struggle with balancing accuracy and computational efficiency. This paper reviews the evolution of spam detection approaches from early rule-based filters and traditional machine learning classifiers to deep learning models and transformer-based architectures with particular attention to the
