This paper gives an exploration of the prospects, opportunities and challenges of demographic dividend in Africa with Uganda as a case study. The objectives include assessing the level of demographic dividend the African block has achieved. To identify the challenges lying ahead and the potential opportunities for Africa. The study design is exploratory, descriptive and causal. Although Africa is experiencing a drop in fertility rates, some countries are still ranked among the most fertile in the whole world, If this concept is to be achieved, then the fertility rates must continue to fall since older generations (Non productive) have shorter life expectancies. Africa’s opportunities acco
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