Globally, six million deaths annually are attributed to exposure to Indoor air Pollution (IAP) in developing countries due to pneumonia, chronic respiratory diseases and lung cancer, with the overall disease burden in Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) exceeding the burden from outdoor air pollution by five-fold. In Kenya, respiratory infections account for 12% of annual deaths. This is due to overreliance on traditional biomass fuels which account for 90% of rural households and 70% of urban households as their primary cooking fuel. The objective of this study was to assess exposure levels to particulate matter (PM) and carbon monoxide (CO) from biomass fuel use in improved stoves and t
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